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Of George Gamow, the Ukrainian-American physicist. My Worldline is the title of the autobiography The worldline of a photon near a star, suchĪs the Sun, is slightly bent due to the light being deflected by the gravitational The worldlines of particles under the influence of a gravitational fieldĪre geodesics in spacetime. Rays of light can be treated as the worldlines of photons. Moves uniformly and is curved if it moves non-uniformly (i.e. The worldline of a particle is straight if the particle On ultramicroscopic scales, the quantum nature of spacetime would becomeĪpparent and require a quantum theory of gravity to describe it.Ī worldline is the history of a particle as represented on a spacetime (Minkowski) diagram (see illustration). The proper time measured by an observer traveling between them. Events with a positive spacetime intervalĪre in each other's future or past, and the value of the interval defines Events with a spacetime interval of zero are separated by the That whereas distances are always positive, intervals may be positive, zero, Is that coordinate transformations leave intervals invariant. The spacetime interval s along a curve is defined by the A spacetime interval between two events is the invariant quantity analogous to distance in Euclidean In Newtonian physics, may depend, in relativistic physics, on the referenceįrame of an observer this can lead to bizarre effects such as length contractionĪnd time dilation. The axes being used, so distances and time intervals, which are invariant Just as the x, y, z coordinates of a point depend on

Of a gravitational field, spacetime reduces to MinkowskiĪ point in spacetime is known as an event.Įach event has four coordinates ( x, y, z, t). Time are considered to form in the special and general theories of relativity. Not Gravitational Lensing, but Medium Lensing: 96 4.12. More precisely, it is the inseparable four-dimensional manifold, or combination, which space and A) Redshift and Blueshift are due to the Medium Composition: 94 B) Suggested Experiment 2 with different Medium Compositions: 95 4.11. Spacetime is the union of space and time into a four-dimensional whole.